In mitotic prophase, the action of the condensin II complex enables initial chromosome condensation.The condensin II complex subunit NCAPD3 binds monomethylated histone H4 (H4K20me1), thereby associating with chromatin (Liu et al. 2010). Binding of the condensin II complex to chromatin is partially controlled by the presence of RB1 (Longworth et al. 2008). Two mechanisms contribute to the accumulation of H4K20me1 at mitotic entry. First, the activity of SETD8 histone methyltransferase peaks at G2/M transition (Nishioka et al. 2002, Rice et al. 2002, Wu et al. 2010). Second, the complex of CDK1 and cyclin B1 (CDK1:CCNB1) phosphorylates PHF8 histone demethylase at the start of mitosis, removing it from chromatin (Liu et al. 2010).Condensin II complex needs to be phosphorylated by the CDK1:CCNB1 complex, and then phosphorylated by PLK1, in order to efficiently condense prophase chromosomes (Abe et al. 2011).
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Rice, JC, Yokomori, K, Wu, S, Wang, W, Kirschner, MW, Congdon, LM, Kong, X
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Nagasaka, K, Hirota, T, Aoyagi, Y, Abe, S, Kozuka-Hata, H, Obuse, C, Oyama, M, Hirayama, Y
Rice, JC, Nishioka, K, Reinberg, D, Steward, R, Sarma, K, Allis, CD
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