Respiratory syncytial virus genome transcription

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-9828642
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
Related Species
Human respiratory syncytial virus A
ReviewStatus
5/5
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The negative sense, single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) genome of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is transcribed into 10 positive sense messenger RNAs that encode 11 viral proteins. The 10 viral mRNAs, going from the 3' end, are: 1C (NS1) mRNA,1B (NS2) mRNA, N mRNA, P mRNA, M mRNA, SH mRNA, G mRNA, F mRNA, M2 mRNA, and L mRNA. Except for the M2 mRNA, each mRNA contains a single open reading frame (ORF). The two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) of the M2 mRNA are translated into two distinct proteins, M2-1 and M2-2.

The N mRNA encodes the nucleoprotein, while the L and P mRNAs encode the large polymerase subunit and the phosphoprotein polymerase cofactor subunit, respectively, of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex (RdRP). The M2-1 mRNA encodes a transcription processivity factor, while the M2-2 mRNA encodes a nonstructural protein that regulates the switch between transcription and genome replication. The SH, G and F mRNAs encode three proteins that are embedded in the viral envelope: small hydrophobic protein, attachment protein and fusion protein, respectively. The secreted isoform of G protein (sG), involved in mediation of immune evasion, and the truncated form of SH (SHt), are translated from G mRNA and SH mRNA, respectively, through the usage of an alternative start codon. The NS1 and NS2 mRNAs encode nonstructural proteins that function together to inhibit apoptosis and interferon response in infected cells. All RSV mRNAs undergo 5' capping and 3' polyadenylation, performed by the viral RdRP. For review, please refer to Battles and McLellan 2019.
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
30723301 Respiratory syncytial virus entry and how to block it

Battles, MB, McLellan, JS

Nat Rev Microbiol 2019
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