Minus-strand DNA synthesis

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-164516
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
Related Species
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Compartment
cytosol
Synonyms
minus-strand DNA synthesis
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Minus-strand DNA synthesis
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In the first part of reverse transcription, minus-strand synthesis, a DNA strand complementary to the HIV genomic RNA is synthesized, using the viral RNA as a template and a host cell lysine tRNA molecule as primer. The synthesis proceeds in two discrete steps, separated by a strand transfer event. As minus strand DNA is synthesized, the viral genomic RNA is degraded, also in several discrete steps. Two specific polypurine tracts (PPT sequences) in the viral RNA, one within the pol gene (central or cPPT) and one immediately preceding the U3 sequence (3' PPT) are spared from degradation and serve to prime synthesis of DNA complementary to the minus strand (plus-strand synthesis). During plus-strand synthesis, Preston and colleagues observed secondary sites of plus-strand initiation at low frequency both in the cell-free system and in cultured virus (Klarman et al., 1997). Both DNA synthesis and RNA degradation activities are catalyzed by the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) heterodimer.
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
7514143 The reverse transcriptase of HIV-1: from enzymology to therapeutic intervention

Tarrago-Litvak, L, Andreola, ML, Nevinsky, GA, Sarih-Cottin, L, Litvak, S

FASEB J 1994
10723025 The HIV-1 reverse transcription (RT) process as target for RT inhibitors

Jonckheere, H, Anne, J, De Clercq, E

Med Res Rev 2000
1282352 Retroviral reverse transcription and integration: progress and problems

Whitcomb, JM, Hughes, SH

Annu Rev Cell Biol 1992
1382072 Interaction of tRNALys with the p66/p66 form of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase stimulates DNA polymerase and ribonuclease H activities

Andreola, ML, Nevinsky, GA, Barr, PJ, Sarih-Cottin, L, Bordier, B, Fournier, M, Litvak, S, Tarrago-Litvak, L

J Biol Chem 1992
  Retroviruses

Coffin, JM, Hughes, SH, Varmus, HE

  1997
Participants
Events
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Event Information
Go Biological Process
RNA-templated DNA biosynthetic process (0006278)
Disease
Name Identifier Synonyms
Human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease DOID:526 HIV infection
Cross References
Mondo
Authored
Gopinathrao, G  (2006-05-19)
D'Eustachio, P  (2006-05-19)
Reviewed
Hughes, SH  (2006-10-31)
Created
D'Eustachio, P  (2005-05-24)
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