RTC synthesizes SARS-CoV-1 plus strand genomic RNA

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-9681840
Type
Reaction [uncertain]
Species
Homo sapiens
Related Species
Human SARS coronavirus
Compartment
cytosol, double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane
ReviewStatus
5/5
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RTC synthesizes SARS-CoV-1 plus strand genomic RNA
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After synthesizing the complementary minus RNA of the plus strand viral genomic RNA, virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nsp12, also known as RdRP) uses the minus strand as a template to generate viral genomic RNA that can be packaged into virions. Purified SARS-CoV-1 nsp12 shows both primer dependent and primer-independent RNA synthesis activity in vitro. nsp12 is able to initiate RNA synthesis with as little as 37 nucleotides of RNA from the 3’ end of the minus strand viral RNA (complementary to the 5’-UTR of the plus strand genomic RNA - c5’-UTR). Similar to the 3'-UTR of the plus strand, the 3' end of the minus strand (c5’-UTR) is predicted to form a stable stem-loop structure and seems to be the minimal cis-acting RNA element required for nsp12 to initiate RNA synthesis using the minus strand as a template (Ahn et al. 2012). It is unclear if replication of the minus strand is primer-dependent. The complex of nsp7 and nsp8 confers processivity to nsp12 (Subissi et al. 2014).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
22791111 Biochemical characterization of a recombinant SARS coronavirus nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase capable of copying viral RNA templates

Ahn, DG, Choi, JK, Taylor, DR, Oh, JW

Arch. Virol. 2012
25197083 One severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities

Subissi, L, Posthuma, CC, Collet, A, Zevenhoven-Dobbe, JC, Gorbalenya, AE, Decroly, E, Snijder, EJ, Canard, B, Imbert, I

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2014
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Output
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as an event of
Catalyst Activity

RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity of SARS-CoV-1 gRNA complement (minus strand):RTC [double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane]

Physical Entity
SARS-CoV-1 gRNA complement (minus strand):RTC [double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane] (Human SARS coronavirus)
Activity
RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity (GO:0003968)
This event is regulated
Negatively by
Regulator
SARS-CoV-1 gRNA complement (minus strand):RTC:RTC inhibitors [double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane] (Human SARS coronavirus)
Disease
Name Identifier Synonyms
severe acute respiratory syndrome DOID:2945 SARS-CoV infection, SARS
Cross References
Mondo
Authored
Orlic-Milacic, M  (2020-04-30)
Reviewed
Acencio, ML  (2020-05-27)
Mazein, A  (2020-05-27)
Created
Orlic-Milacic, M  (2020-04-06)
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