nsp12 synthesizes minus strand SARS-CoV-1 genomic RNA complement

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-9681674
Type
Reaction [uncertain]
Species
Homo sapiens
Related Species
Human SARS coronavirus
Compartment
cytosol, double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane
ReviewStatus
5/5
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nsp12 synthesizes minus strand SARS-CoV-1 genomic RNA complement
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Virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nsp12, also known as RdRP) is the key component of the replication transcription complex (RTC). As the human SARS coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) is a plus strand RNA virus, nsp12 first synthesizes the complementary minus RNA strand. The purified SARS-CoV-1 nsp12 shows both primer dependent and primer-independent RNA synthesis activities using homopolymeric RNA templates. The catalytic activity of nsp12 is strictly dependent on manganese ions (Mn2+) and primers when the template is a viral-genome-derived RNA representing part of the 3’-UTR of the plus strand with a polyA tail. A 36 nucleotide sequence from the 3’-UTR, predicted to form a stable stem-loop structure, seems to be the minimal cis-acting RNA element required for nsp12 to initiate RNA synthesis (Ahn et al. 2012). The complex of nsp7 and nsp8 confers processivity to nsp12 (Subissi et al. 2014).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
22791111 Biochemical characterization of a recombinant SARS coronavirus nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase capable of copying viral RNA templates

Ahn, DG, Oh, JW, Choi, JK, Taylor, DR

Arch. Virol. 2012
25197083 One severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein complex integrates processive RNA polymerase and exonuclease activities

Canard, B, Collet, A, Gorbalenya, AE, Subissi, L, Decroly, E, Imbert, I, Posthuma, CC, Zevenhoven-Dobbe, JC, Snijder, EJ

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2014
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Catalyst Activity

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity of SARS coronavirus gRNA:RTC:RNA primer [double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane]

Physical Entity
SARS coronavirus gRNA:RTC:RNA primer [double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane] (Human SARS coronavirus)
Activity
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity (GO:0003968)
This event is regulated
Negatively by
Regulator
SARS coronavirus gRNA:RTC:RNA primer:RTC inhibitors [double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane] (Human SARS coronavirus)
Disease
Name Identifier Synonyms
severe acute respiratory syndrome DOID:2945 SARS-CoV infection, SARS
Authored
Orlic-Milacic, M  (2020-04-30)
Reviewed
Acencio, ML  (2020-05-27)
Mazein, A  (2020-05-27)
Created
Orlic-Milacic, M  (2020-04-03)
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