Binding of TFAP2A (AP-2 alpha) transcription factor to the CDKN1A promoter results in the activation of CDKN1A expression in a TP53 (p53) independent manner, which may be important during development and differentiation (Zeng et al. 1997, Williams et al. 2009, Scibetta et al. 2010).
Binding of TFAP2C (AP-2 gamma) transcription factor to the proximal AP-2 response element in the CDKN1A promoter (Scibetta et al. 2010) results in repression of CDKN1A transcription. TFAP2C may recruit histone deacetylases, such as HDAC2 to the CDKN1A promoter (Williams et al. 2009). TFAP2C cooperates with its interaction partners MYC and KDM5B in repression of the CDKN1A gene transcription. The mechanism may involve KDM5B-mediated removal of activating histone methylation mark at H3K4 from nucleosomes at the CDKN1A promoter. In the absence of TFAP2C, MYC can recruit KDM5B to the CDKN1A promoter via an AP-2 independent MYC-binding site, but this results in a lower level of CDKN1A gene repression. TFAP2C-mediated repression of CDKN1A transcription promotes G1/S transition (Wong et al. 2012). In contradiction, it has been reported that TFAP2C may induce, instead of repress CDKN1A transcription (Li et al. 2006).
el-Deiry, WS, Zeng, YX, Somasundaram, K
Berlato, C, Hurst, HC, Miranda, F, Wong, PP, Scibetta, AG, Chan, KV
Berlato, C, Moss, CH, Hurst, HC, Scibetta, AG, Friedrich, JK, Williams, CM, Canosa, M
Hurst, HC, Wong, PP, Scibetta, AG, Chan, KV, Canosa, M
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