Reactome | XDH oxidizes xanthine to form urate

XDH oxidizes xanthine to form urate

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-74258

Type

Reaction [transition]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

cytosol

Synonyms

Xanthine + H2O + O2 => Urate + H2O2

ReviewStatus

5/5

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Cytosolic xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) in its oxidase form catalyzes the reaction of xanthine with H2O and oxygen to form urate and H2O2. The active form of the enzyme is a dimer (Saksela and Raivio 1996; Yamaguchi et al. 2007). The enzyme is said to occur predominantly in its dehydrogenase form, catalyzing the reaction of xanthine with NAD+ to form urate and to be converted to the oxidase form annotated here in response to stress (Ichida et al. 2012).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
23203137	Mutations associated with functional disorder of xanthine oxidoreductase and hereditary xanthinuria in humans Amaya, Y, Nishino, T, Ichida, K, Okamoto, K	Int J Mol Sci	2012
8670112	Cloning and expression in vitro of human xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase Raivio, KO, Saksela, M	Biochem J	1996
17301077	Human xanthine oxidase changes its substrate specificity to aldehyde oxidase type upon mutation of amino acid residues in the active site: roles of active site residues in binding and activation of purine substrate Yamaguchi, Y, Nishino, T, Matsumura, T, Ichida, K, Okamoto, K	J Biochem	2007