Reactome | thymidine + ATP => TMP (deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate) + ADP [TK1]

thymidine + ATP => TMP (deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate) + ADP [TK1]

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-73632

Type

Reaction [transition]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

cytosol

Synonyms

phosphorylation of 2'-Deoxythymidine to dTMP

ReviewStatus

5/5

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thymidine + ATP => TMP (deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate) + ADP [TK1]

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Cytosolic thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) catalyzes the reaction of thymidine and ATP to form TMP (thymidine 5'-monophosphate) and ADP. TK1 has been purified from human spleen and from cultured cells. The enzyme is active as a homotetramer, and phosphorylates thymidine and deoxyuridine using ATP as a phosphate donor in vitro (Sherley and Kelly 1988a; Munch-Petersen et al. 1991; Birringer et al. 2005). Divalent cations are required for enzyme activity (Mg++ is preferred) (Lee and Cheng 1986), and ATP stabilizes the tetrameric form of the enzyme (Munch-Petersen et al. 1993). In cells, enzyme activity is high during S phase of the cell cycle and low otherwise, correlated with intracellular levels of thymidine kinase 1 protein (Sherley and Kelly 1988b), and consistent with a requirement for TMP synthesis in normal cells only as part of DNA replication.

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
3372530	Regulation of human thymidine kinase during the cell cycle Sherley, JL, Kelly, TJ	J Biol Chem	1988
3335503	Human cytosolic thymidine kinase. Purification and physical characterization of the enzyme from HeLa cells Sherley, JL, Kelly, TJ	J Biol Chem	1988
15733844	Structure of a type II thymidine kinase with bound dTTP Schulz, GE, Claus, MT, Kloer, DP, Folkers, G, Birringer, MS, Scapozza, L	FEBS Lett	2005
8340387	Reversible ATP-dependent transition between two forms of human cytosolic thymidine kinase with different enzymatic properties Cloos, L, Tyrsted, G, Munch-Petersen, B	J Biol Chem	1993
1063125	Human deoxythymidine kinase. I. Purification and general properties of the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isozymes derived from blast cells of acute myelocytic leukemia Cheng, YC, Lee, LS	J Biol Chem	1976
2026611	Diverging substrate specificity of pure human thymidine kinases 1 and 2 against antiviral dideoxynucleosides Cloos, L, Tyrsted, G, Munch-Petersen, B, Eriksson, S	J Biol Chem	1991