SLC2A1 tetramer does not transport Glc from extracellular region to cytosol

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-5632804
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
extracellular region, plasma membrane
ReviewStatus
5/5
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SLC2A1 tetramer does not transport Glc from extracellular region to cytosol
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Members of the SLC2A family encode glucose transporter (GLUT) proteins that mediate the facilitated diffusion of glucose between the extracellular space and the cytosol. While the monomeric protein can form a channel and transport glucose, kinetic studies suggest that the functional form of the protein is a homotetramer. SLC2A1 (GLUT1) is expressed by many cell types, notably endothelial cells, red blood cells and cells of the brain. Its low Km for glucose (~1 mM) relative to normal blood glucose concentration (~5 mM) allows these cells to take up glucose independent of changes in blood glucose levels. Defects in SLC2A1 can cause neurological disorders with wide phenotypic variability. The most severe 'classic' phenotype, GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 1 (GLUT1DS1; MIM:606777), comprises infantile-onset epileptic encephalopathy associated with delayed development, acquired microcephaly, motor incoordination and spasticity. A residual enzyme activity between 25-50% in mutations is the cause of the severe 'classic' phenotype. Mutations having this residual activity include R126L, K256V, K456*, Y449*, S342L, R223P and R126C (Rotstein et al. 2010, Seidner et al. 1998, Suls et al. 2009).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
9462754 GLUT-1 deficiency syndrome caused by haploinsufficiency of the blood-brain barrier hexose carrier

Seidner, G, Alvarez, MG, Yeh, JI, O'Driscoll, KR, Klepper, J, Stump, TS, Wang, D, Spinner, NB, Birnbaum, MJ, De Vivo, DC

Nat. Genet. 1998
19798636 Early-onset absence epilepsy caused by mutations in the glucose transporter GLUT1

Suls, A, Mullen, SA, Weber, YG, Verhaert, K, Ceulemans, B, Guerrini, R, Wuttke, TV, Salvo-Vargas, A, Deprez, L, Claes, LR, Jordanova, A, Berkovic, SF, Lerche, H, De Jonghe, P, Scheffer, IE

Ann. Neurol. 2009
20687207 Glut1 deficiency: inheritance pattern determined by haploinsufficiency

Rotstein, M, Engelstad, K, Yang, H, Wang, D, Levy, B, Chung, WK, De Vivo, DC

Ann. Neurol. 2010
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Catalyst Activity

D-glucose transmembrane transporter activity of SLC2A1 mutants [plasma membrane]

Physical Entity
SLC2A1 mutants [plasma membrane] (Homo sapiens)
Activity
D-glucose transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0055056)
Normal reaction
GLUT1 (SLC2A1) tetramer transports Glc from extracellular region to cytosol (Homo sapiens)
Functional status

Loss of function of SLC2A1 mutants [plasma membrane]

Normal Entity
Disease Entity
Status
Disease
Name Identifier Synonyms
early infantile epileptic encephalopathy DOID:0050709 infantile spasm
Cross References
Mondo
Authored
Jassal, B  (2014-10-29)
Reviewed
Broer, S  (2015-08-04)
Created
Jassal, B  (2014-10-29)
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