Defective SLC2A1 causes GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 1 (GLUT1DS1)

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-5619043
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Members of the SLC2A family encode glucose transporter (GLUT) proteins that mediate the facilitated diffusion of glucose between the extracellular space and the cytosol. While the monomeric protein can form a channel and transport glucose, kinetic studies suggest that the functional form of the protein is a homotetramer. SLC2A1 (GLUT1) is expressed by many cell types, notably endothelial cells, red blood cells and cells of the brain. Its low Km for glucose (~1 mM) relative to normal blood glucose concentration (~5 mM) allows these cells to take up glucose independent of changes in blood glucose levels. Defects in SLC2A1 can cause neurological disorders with wide phenotypic variability. The most severe 'classic' phenotype, GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 1 (GLUT1DS1; MIM:606777), comprises infantile-onset epileptic encephalopathy associated with delayed development, acquired microcephaly, motor incoordination and spasticity (Brockmann 2009, De Giorgis & Veggiotti 2013).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
23890838 GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 2013: current state of the art

Veggiotti, P, De Giorgis, V

Seizure 2013
19304421 The expanding phenotype of GLUT1-deficiency syndrome

Brockmann, K

Brain Dev. 2009
Participants
Participates
Disease
Name Identifier Synonyms
early infantile epileptic encephalopathy DOID:0050709 infantile spasm
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