Evidence suggests that FZD4 is endocytosed in a clathrin- and AP-2-dependent manner upon stimulation with WNT5A. Direct interactions have been demonstrated between DVL2 and the AP-2 component mu 2 mediated by simultaneous interaction with the DEP domain and a tetrapeptide motif YHEL of DVL2. Mutation of these regions abrogates FZD4 internalization and PCP signaling (Yu et al, 2007; Yu et al, 2010). DVL2 also interacts with beta-arrestin2 (ARBB2) in a PKC-dependent manner, and in vitro phosphorylation of DVL2 by PKC enhances the interaction between DVL2 and ARBB2 as assessed by co-immunoprecipitation (Chen et al, 2003). There is conflicting evidence on the requirement for ARBB2 for the internalization of FZD4 upon WNT5A signaling, however (Chen et al, 2003; Yu et al, 2007).
Rual, JF, Yu, A, Vidal, M, Kirchhausen, T, Harada, Y, Tamai, K, He, X
Chen, W, Ahn, S, Caron, MG, Barak, LS, Brown, J, Hu, LA, Lefkowitz, RJ, Nusse, R, Miller, WE, ten Berge, D
Yu, A, Xing, Y, Kirchhausen, T, Harrison, SC
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