AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy levels. A high cellular ratio of AMP:ATP triggers the phosphorylation and activation of AMPK. Activated AMPK in turn phosphorylates a wide array of target proteins, as shown in the figure below (reproduced from (Hardie et al. 2003), with the permission of D.G. Hardie). These targets include ChREBP (Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein), whose inactivation by phosphorylation reduces transcription of key enzymes of the glycolytic and lipogenic pathways.
Hudson, ER, Scott, JW, Pan, DA, Hardie, DG
Uyeda, K, Osatomi, K, Yamashita, H, Kabashima, T, Kawaguchi, T
Hardie, DG
Carling, D, Davies, SP, Salt, IP, Cheung, PC, Hardie, DG
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