Reactome | Hemoglobin A is protonated and carbamated causing release of oxygen

Hemoglobin A is protonated and carbamated causing release of oxygen

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-1237325

Type

Reaction [binding]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

cytosol

Synonyms

Bohr Effect

ReviewStatus

5/5

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Hemoglobin A is protonated and carbamated causing release of oxygen

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The Bohr effect refers to the observation that carbon dioxide (CO2) decreases the affinity of hemoglobin (HbA) for oxygen (O2) (Rossi-Bernardi & Roughton 1967, Kwant et al. 1988, Dash & Bassingthwaighte 2010). The Bohr effect has two components: protonation of histidines in HbA (Chatake et al. 2007, Kovalevsky et al. 2010, Fang et al. 1999) and chemical reaction (carbamation) of the N-terminal valines of HbA by CO2 (Ferguson & Roughton 1934, Forster et al. 1968, Bauer & Schroder 1972, Morrow et al. 1973, Morrow et al. 1976, Mathew et al. 1977, Acharya et al. 1994). The protons (H+) for this reaction are produced by carbonic anhydrase acting on water and CO2 to produce bicarbonate (HCO3-) and H+ (Kernohan & Roughton 1968).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
4514311	Interaction of 13 CO 2 and bicarbonate with human hemoglobin preparations Visscher, RB, Marshall, RC, Keim, P, Gurd, FR, Morrow, JS	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A	1973
16994616	The chemical relationships and physiological importance of carbamino compounds of CO(2) with haemoglobin Ferguson, JK, Roughton, FJ	J Physiol	1934
14958	Quantitative determination of carbamino adducts of alpha and beta chains in human adult hemoglobin in presence and absence of carbon monoxide and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate Matthew, JB, Gurd, FR, Morrow, JS, Wittebort, RJ	J Biol Chem	1977
10529219	Assessment of roles of surface histidyl residues in the molecular basis of the Bohr effect and of beta 143 histidine in the binding of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate in human normal adult hemoglobin Ho, C, Zou, M, Fang, TY, Ho, NT, Simplaceanu, V	Biochemistry	1999
4647257	Carbamino compounds of haemoglobin in human adult and foetal blood Schröder, E, Bauer, C	J Physiol	1972
16992238	The specific influence of carbon dioxide and carbamate compounds on the buffer power and Bohr effects in human haemoglobin solutions Rossi-Bernardi, L, Roughton, FJ	J Physiol	1967
3136125	Human whole-blood O2 affinity: effect of CO2 Oeseburg, B, Zijlstra, WG, Kwant, G, Zwart, A	J Appl Physiol	1988
5656372	Reaction of CO2 with human hemoglobin solution Forster, RE, Constantine, HP, Rotman, HH, Klocke, RA, Craw, MR	J Biol Chem	1968
4975618	Thermal studies of the rates of the reactions of carbon dioxide in concentrated haemoglobin solutions and in red blood cells. A. The reactions catalysed by carbonic anhydrase. B. The carbamino reactions of oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin Kernohan, JC, Roughton, FJ	J Physiol	1968
20162361	Erratum to: Blood HbO2 and HbCO2 dissociation curves at varied O2, CO2, pH, 2,3-DPG and temperature levels Dash, RK, Bassingthwaighte, JB	Ann Biomed Eng	2010
17990881	Protonation states of buried histidine residues in human deoxyhemoglobin revealed by neutron crystallography Shibayama, N, Kurihara, K, Park, SY, Morimoto, Y, Niimura, N, Tamada, T, Kuroki, R, Tanaka, I, Chatake, T	J Am Chem Soc	2007
21041929	Protonation states of histidine and other key residues in deoxy normal human adult hemoglobin by neutron protein crystallography Shibayama, N, Fisher, SZ, Mustyakimov, M, Park, SY, Kovalevsky, A, Ishikawa, T, Morimoto, Y, Langan, P, Chatake, T	Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr	2010
1395	Carbon 13 resonances of 13CO2 carbamino adducts of alpha and beta chains in human adult hemoglobin Matthew, JB, Gurd, FR, Morrow, JS, Wittebort, RJ	J Biol Chem	1976
20230836	Direct determination of protonation states of histidine residues in a 2 A neutron structure of deoxy-human normal adult hemoglobin and implications for the Bohr effect Shibayama, N, Mustyakimov, M, Kovalevsky, AY, Park, SY, Ishikawa, T, Morimoto, Y, Fisher, Z, Langan, P, Chatake, T	J Mol Biol	2010
8300612	Electrostatic modification at the amino termini of hemoglobin A White, SP, Acharya, AS, Bobelis, DJ	J Biol Chem	1994