E. coli strains causing extraintestinal infections secrete ?...

created [InstanceEdit:9926107] Stephan, Ralf, 2024-10-31
dbId 9926112
displayName E. coli strains causing extraintestinal infections secrete ?...
schemaClass Summation
text E. coli strains causing extraintestinal infections secrete ?-hemolysin HlyA via the HlyBD:TolC type 1 secretion system (T1SS). The system consists of a porin TolC trimer in the outer membrane, the ATPase inner membrane pump HlyB, and a binding protein, HlyD. The tolC trimer projects an ?-helical tunnel across the periplasm, ending at the inner membrane transporter. The transport consists of two reactions, both catalyzed by the periplasm-spanning complex. In the second reaction catalyzed by the TolC trimer, HlyA diffuses to extracellular space (Schlör et al., 1997; reviewed by Alav et al., 2021). HlyA is a porin of the RTX prokaryotic toxin family. It causes leakage and destruction of host epithelial cells, contributing to pathogenicity. Destroyed erythrocytes release hemoglobin which is subsequently cleaved by proteases, making host iron available to the bacterium. HlyA is encoded by several genes in E.coli plasmids and its genome (Felmlee et al., 1985; Cross et al., 1990; Suttorp et al., 1990; reviewed in Braun et al., 1993).
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