Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyzes the first...

created [InstanceEdit:9761769] Rothfels, Karen, 2022-01-15
dbId 9761770
displayName Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyzes the first...
schemaClass Summation
text Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyzes the first, rate limiting step of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). The PPP is an alternate glucose metabolic pathway that shares intermediates with glycolysis. PPP generates NADPH through its oxidative and non-oxidative branches, as well as biosynthetic intermediates required for the generation of nucleic acids, sterols, fatty acids and amino acids. Cells can switch to the PPP pathway in place of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in times of high biosynthetic need, like proliferation, and also in response to oxidative stress, as the NADPH generated contributes to the redox potential of the cell (reviewed in Ge et al, 2020; Hayes et al, 2020; Baird and Yamamoto, 2020).
G6PD expression is regulated downstream of the KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway and depends on the binding of an NFE2L2:MAFG heterodimer to the antioxidant response element in the promoter (Hirotsu et al, 2012; Mitsuishi et al, 2012; Thimmulappa et al, 2002; Wu et al, 2011; reviewed in Baird and Yamamoto, 2020; Ge et al, 2020).
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