PI3-kinase (PI3K) catalyzes the phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids at the 3 position to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate. PIP2 and PIP3 generated serve as lipid substrates where they recruit guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) like VAV (Proto-oncogene vav) that catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac, activating it (Han et al. 1998). VAV2 acts downstream of VEGF to activate Rac1 (Garretta et al. 2007).
Koyasu, S
Franca-Koh, J, Kamimura, Y, Devreotes, PN
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