Secreted angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) cleaves 2 amino acid residues from the C-terminus of angiotensin-(1-10) (angiotensin I) to yield angiotensin-(1-8) (angiotensin II) (Wei et al. 1991). This reaction is inhibited by drugs used to treat hypertension (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ACEI) including captopril (Gronhagen-Riska and Fyhrquist 1980, Stewart et al. 1981, Ehlers et al. 1986, Hayakari et al. 1989, Wei et al. 1991, Baudin and Beneteau-Burnat 1999), enalaprilat (metablized from the prodrug enalapril, Wei et al. 1991, Baudin and Beneteau-Burnat 1999), lisinopril ( Ehlers et al. 1991, Natesh et al. 2003), and ramiprilat (metabolized from the prodrug ramipril, Baudin and Beneteau-Burnat 1999). ACE is secreted ("shed") from membranes of endothelial cells by cleavage in the C-terminal region that removes the membrane anchor.
Hayakari, M, Amano, K, Izumi, H, Murakami, S
Wei, L, Alhenc-Gelas, F, Soubrier, F, Michaud, A, Corvol, P, Clauser, E
Stewart, TA, Weare, JA, Erdös, EG
Grönhagen-Riska, C, Fyhrquist, F
Natesh, R, Schwager, SL, Sturrock, ED, Acharya, KR
Wei, L, Alhenc-Gelas, F, Corvol, P, Clauser, E
Baudin, B, Bénéteau-Burnat, B
Ehlers, MR, Maeder, DL, Kirsch, RE
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