A number of proteins, including eight required for normal blood clot formation and its regulation (Prothrombin (factor II), factor VII, factor IX, factor X, protein C, protein S, protein Z, and Gas6) share a sequence motif rich in glutamate residues near their amino termini. Carboxylation of the glutamate residues within this motif followed by removal of an aminoterminal propeptide is required for each of these proteins to function. These modifications occur as the proteins move through the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
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