NTHL1 (hNTH1; endonuclease III-like protein 1) acts as a DNA glycosylase to cleave cytosine glycol (5,6-dihydroxycytosine), a product of cytosine oxidation, from the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone, creating an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site (Dizdaroglu et al. 1999). After the AP site is created, NTHL1 can act as a beta lyase to cleave the DNA strand 5' to the AP site (Ikeda et al. 1998).
Seki, S, Roy, R, Izumi, T, Ikeda, S, Kurosky, A, Sarker, AH, Biswas, T, Boldogh, I, Mitra, S
Sentürker, S, Dizdaroglu, M, Buckley, TJ, Roldán-Arjona, T, Karahalil, B
oxidized pyrimidine nucleobase lesion DNA N-glycosylase activity of NTHL1:Cg-dsDNA [nucleoplasm]
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