TLR15 binds to recognized ligand

Stable Identifier
R-GGA-451511
Type
Reaction [binding]
Species
Gallus gallus
Compartment
plasma membrane, extracellular region
ReviewStatus
5/5
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TLR15 binds to recognized ligand
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TLR15 induction was observed in chicken embryonic fibroblasts following S. typhimurium infection and in chicken primary heterophils in response to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [Higgs R et al 2006; Nerren JR et al 2010]. Several known TLR ligands (B-and C-type of CpG-ODNs, PAM3CSK4 and LPS) were reported to upregulate TLR15 induction in chicken macrophage-like HD11 cells [Ciraci C et al 2010], however the other studies demonstrated that the TLR agonists have no stimulatory effect on the TLR15 activity in chicken [Nerren JR et al 2010; Boyd AC et al 2012 ]. Chicken TLR15 expressed in human embrionic kidney HEK293 cells was reported to mediate NFkB induction in response to yeast lysates derived from Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The TLR15-dependent stimulatory activity of yeast lysates was abrogated by heat inactivation or pre-exposure of the lysates to protease inhibitor PMSF [Boyd AC et al 2012]. The data confirm the earlier findings, that TLR15 responds to a heat- and PMSF-sensitive ligand when expressed in human HeLa 57A cell line [DeZoete MR et al 2011]. Microbe-secreted proteases are thought to activate TLR15 cascade. Upon activation the LRR ectodomain of TLR15 may undergo proteolytic cleavage mediated by microbial proteases. The cleaved protein product of ~70kDa mediates stimulation of NF-kB–dependent gene transcription. The protease-induced TLR activation was shown to be specific for TLR15 [deZoete MR et al 2011].
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
16495540 Induction of a novel chicken Toll-like receptor following Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection

Higgs, R, Cormican, P, Cahalane, S, Allan, B, Lloyd, AT, Meade, K, James, T, Lynn, DJ, Babiuk, LA, O'Farrelly, C

Infect Immun 2006
20303182 Expression of the avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 in chicken heterophils is mediated by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, but not TLR agonists

Nerren, JR, He, H, Genovese, K, Kogut, MH

Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010
23066147 TLR15 Is Unique to Avian and Reptilian Lineages and Recognizes a Yeast-Derived Agonist

Boyd, AC, Peroval, MY, Hammond, JA, Prickett, MD, Young, JR, Smith, AL

J. Immunol. 2012
20929591 Unique genome-wide transcriptome profiles of chicken macrophages exposed to Salmonella-derived endotoxin

Ciraci, C, Tuggle, CK, Wannemuehler, MJ, Nettleton, D, Lamont, SJ

BMC Genomics 2010
21095203 Avian-specific TLRs and downstream effector responses to CpG-induction in chicken macrophages

Ciraci, C, Lamont, SJ

Dev Comp Immunol 2011
21383168 Cleavage and activation of a Toll-like receptor by microbial proteases

de Zoete, MR, Bouwman, LI, Keestra, AM, van Putten, JP

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2011
Participants
Input
Output
Participates
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Authored
Shamovsky, V  (2010-11-30)
Reviewed
D'Eustachio, P  (2010-12-06)
Created
Shamovsky, V  (2010-01-05)
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