UniProt:Q9NR30 DDX21

chain
  • chain:1-783
checksum 4F6673E38686644F
comment
  • FUNCTION RNA helicase that acts as a sensor of the transcriptional status of both RNA polymerase (Pol) I and II: promotes ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing and transcription from polymerase II (Pol II) (PubMed:25470060, PubMed:28790157). Binds various RNAs, such as rRNAs, snoRNAs, 7SK and, at lower extent, mRNAs (PubMed:25470060). In the nucleolus, localizes to rDNA locus, where it directly binds rRNAs and snoRNAs, and promotes rRNA transcription, processing and modification. Required for rRNA 2'-O-methylation, possibly by promoting the recruitment of late-acting snoRNAs SNORD56 and SNORD58 with pre-ribosomal complexes (PubMed:25470060, PubMed:25477391). In the nucleoplasm, binds 7SK RNA and is recruited to the promoters of Pol II-transcribed genes: acts by facilitating the release of P-TEFb from inhibitory 7SK snRNP in a manner that is dependent on its helicase activity, thereby promoting transcription of its target genes (PubMed:25470060). Functions as a cofactor for JUN-activated transcription: required for phosphorylation of JUN at 'Ser-77' (PubMed:11823437, PubMed:25260534). Can unwind double-stranded RNA (helicase) and can fold or introduce a secondary structure to a single-stranded RNA (foldase) (PubMed:9461305). Together with SIRT7, required to prevent R-loop-associated DNA damage and transcription-associated genomic instability: deacetylation by SIRT7 activates the helicase activity, thereby overcoming R-loop-mediated stalling of RNA polymerases (PubMed:28790157). Involved in rRNA processing (PubMed:14559904, PubMed:18180292). May bind to specific miRNA hairpins (PubMed:28431233). Component of a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex that acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and plays a role in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines via the adapter molecule TICAM1 (By similarity).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + H(+)ACTIVITY REGULATION Acetylation inhibits the helicase activity.SUBUNIT Homodimer; homodimerizes via its N-terminus. Found in a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex at least composed of DHX36, DDX1, DDX21 and TICAM1; this complex exists in resting cells with or without poly(I:C) RNA ligand stimulation. Interacts (via C-terminus) with TICAM1 (via TIR domain). Interacts with DHX36 (via C-terminus); this interaction serves as bridges to TICAM1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with DDX1 (via B30.2/SPRY domain); this interaction serves as bridges to TICAM1. Component of the B-WICH complex, at least composed of SMARCA5/SNF2H, BAZ1B/WSTF, SF3B1, DEK, MYO1C, ERCC6, MYBBP1A and DDX21. Interacts with C1QBP. Interacts with JUN. Interacts with WDR46 (By similarity). Component of the B-WICH complex, at least composed of SMARCA5/SNF2H, BAZ1B/WSTF, SF3B1, DEK, MYO1C, ERCC6, MYBBP1A and DDX21. Interacts with C1QBP. Interacts with JUN (PubMed:11823437, PubMed:18180292). Interacts with WDR46 (PubMed:23848194). Interacts with MCM3AP isoform GANP (PubMed:23652018). Interacts with WDR43 (By similarity). Interacts with KPNA3 (PubMed:34564892). Interacts with GID4 (PubMed:38773330).INTERACTION Present both in nucleolus and nucleoplasm. Interaction with JUN promotes translocation from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm (PubMed:11823437, PubMed:18180292). Interaction with WDR46 is required for localization to the nucleolus (PubMed:23848194). Colocalizes in the cytosol with DDX1, DHX36 and TICAM1. The multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex may translocate to the mitochondria upon poly(I:C) RNA ligand stimulation (By similarity).ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS The helicase and foldase activities reside in two separate domains, the helicase in the N-terminus and the foldase in the C-terminus.DOMAIN The 3 X 5 AA repeats seem to be critical for the RNA folding activity.PTM Acetylation by CREBBP/CBP inhibits the helicase activity (PubMed:28790157). Deacetylation by SIRT7 promotes the helicase activity and overcomes R-loop-mediated stalling of RNA polymerases (PubMed:28790157).MISCELLANEOUS Autoantibodies against DDX21 are found in patients with watermelon stomach disease, which is characterized by prominent stripes of ectatic vascular tissue in the stomach similar to stripes on a watermelon.SIMILARITY Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX21/DDX50 subfamily.SEQUENCE CAUTION Extended N-terminus.
crossReference
databaseName UniProt
dbId 53480
description
  • recommendedName: fullName evidence="27"Nucleolar RNA helicase 2 ecNumber evidence="19 23"3.6.4.13 alternativeName: DEAD box protein 21 alternativeName: Gu-alpha alternativeName: Nucleolar RNA helicase Gu alternativeName: Nucleolar RNA helicase II alternativeName: RH II/Gu
displayName UniProt:Q9NR30 DDX21
geneName
  • DDX21
identifier Q9NR30
isSequenceChanged false
keyword
  • 3D-structure
  • Acetylation
  • Alternative splicing
  • Antiviral defense
  • ATP-binding
  • Cytoplasm
  • Direct protein sequencing
  • Helicase
  • Hydrolase
  • Immunity
  • Innate immunity
  • Isopeptide bond
  • Mitochondrion
  • Nucleotide-binding
  • Nucleus
  • Phosphoprotein
  • Proteomics identification
  • Reference proteome
  • Repeat
  • RNA-binding
  • rRNA processing
  • Transcription
  • Ubl conjugation
modified [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21
moleculeType Protein
name
  • DDX21
otherIdentifier
  • 11733073_a_at
  • 11756223_s_at
  • 11759622_s_at
  • 16705474
  • 208152_PM_s_at
  • 208152_s_at
  • 224654_PM_at
  • 224654_at
  • 3250059
  • 3250060
  • 3250061
  • 3250062
  • 3250063
  • 3250064
  • 3250065
  • 3250066
  • 3250067
  • 3250068
  • 3250069
  • 3250070
  • 3250071
  • 3250072
  • 3250074
  • 3250075
  • 3250076
  • 3250077
  • 3250078
  • 3250079
  • 3250080
  • 3250081
  • 3250082
  • 3250083
  • 3250084
  • 3250085
  • 3250086
  • 3250089
  • 3250090
  • 3250091
  • 3250092
  • 40490_at
  • 65890_at
  • 7927936
  • 9188
  • A_14_P112663
  • A_24_P146603
  • A_24_P415260
  • A_33_P3287815
  • GE81435
  • GE88016
  • GO:0000166
  • GO:0001649
  • GO:0002376
  • GO:0002735
  • GO:0003676
  • GO:0003723
  • GO:0003724
  • GO:0003725
  • GO:0003729
  • GO:0003824
  • GO:0004386
  • GO:0005515
  • GO:0005524
  • GO:0005634
  • GO:0005654
  • GO:0005694
  • GO:0005730
  • GO:0005737
  • GO:0005739
  • GO:0005829
  • GO:0006325
  • GO:0006338
  • GO:0006351
  • GO:0006355
  • GO:0006364
  • GO:0006366
  • GO:0009615
  • GO:0010468
  • GO:0010557
  • GO:0016020
  • GO:0016479
  • GO:0016787
  • GO:0016887
  • GO:0019843
  • GO:0030154
  • GO:0030515
  • GO:0035198
  • GO:0042802
  • GO:0043123
  • GO:0043330
  • GO:0045087
  • GO:0045943
  • GO:0045944
  • GO:0045945
  • GO:0051607
  • GO:0062176
  • GO:0097322
  • GO:0098542
  • GO:0098772
  • GO:0110016
  • GO:0140098
  • GO:0140657
  • GO:0140870
  • HMNXSV003031096
  • Hs.5122.0.S1_3p_at
  • ILMN_1735461
  • PH_hs_0010109
  • PH_hs_0032217
  • TC10000413.hg
  • TC10002105.hg
  • U41387_at
  • g13787208_3p_s_at
physicalEntity
referenceDatabase [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene
referenceTranscript
schemaClass ReferenceGeneProduct
secondaryIdentifier
  • DDX21_HUMAN
  • B2RDL0
  • Q13436
  • Q5VX41
  • Q68D35
sequenceLength 783
species [Species:48887] Homo sapiens
stId uniprot:Q9NR30
url http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NR30

Referrals

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