UniProt:Q9JJZ2 Tuba8

chain
  • chain:1-449
  • chain:1-448
checksum AA979E2DB21FC5DD
comment
  • FUNCTION Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.CATALYTIC ACTIVITY GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate + H(+)COFACTOR Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Expressed at highest levels in the testis, followed by skeletal and heart muscle. Expressed at low levels in the developing brain.DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE At embryonic day (E) 13.5, expressed in the cortical preplate and cingulate cortex. By 15.5 dpc, the strongest expression is seen in the cortical plate. By 18.5 dpc, cortical expression is most intense in the upper layers and subplate. There is strong expression in the areas CA1-3 of the hippocampus. At P0, cortical expression is strongest in the dense cortical plate and subplate. Hippocampal expression is more intense in areas CA1-3 than in the dentate gyrus. At P8, lamination is almost complete and cortical expression is strongest in layers II-III and V and the subplate. There is also expression in the mediodorsal nuclei of the thalamus, the mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb, and the external granular layer, molecular layer, and internal granular cell layer of the cerebellum.DOMAIN The MREC motif may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.PTM Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).PTM Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).PTM The C-terminal phenylalanine residue is cleaved by MATCAP1/KIAA0895L.MISCELLANEOUS This tubulin does not have a C-terminal tyrosine; however, its C-terminal phenylalanine residue can be cleaved.SIMILARITY Belongs to the tubulin family.
crossReference
databaseName UniProt
dbId 103051
description
  • recommendedName: Tubulin alpha-8 chain ecNumber evidence="1"3.6.5.- alternativeName: Alpha-tubulin 8 component recommendedName: Dephenylalaninated tubulin alpha-8 chain /component
displayName UniProt:Q9JJZ2 Tuba8
geneName
  • Tuba8
identifier Q9JJZ2
isSequenceChanged false
keyword
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cytoskeleton
  • GTP-binding
  • Hydrolase
  • Magnesium
  • Metal-binding
  • Microtubule
  • Nucleotide-binding
  • Reference proteome
modified [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21
moleculeType Protein
name
  • Tuba8
otherIdentifier
  • 104682_at
  • 10541301
  • 1419518_at
  • 1446771_at
  • 17462430
  • 4484403
  • 4619169
  • 4739760
  • 4790298
  • 4794350
  • 5282185
  • 5359246
  • 53857
  • 5524632
  • A_52_P303161
  • A_66_P119518
  • GE37180
  • GO:0000166
  • GO:0000226
  • GO:0000278
  • GO:0001669
  • GO:0005198
  • GO:0005200
  • GO:0005525
  • GO:0005737
  • GO:0005856
  • GO:0005874
  • GO:0007010
  • GO:0007017
  • GO:0007283
  • GO:0007286
  • GO:0015630
  • GO:0016787
  • GO:0022414
  • GO:0046872
  • GO:0048856
  • ILMN_1221298
  • ILMN_2487292
  • ILMN_2487308
  • Msa.26512.0_s_at
  • mMC001794
  • mMR027597
physicalEntity
referenceDatabase [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene
referenceTranscript
schemaClass ReferenceGeneProduct
secondaryIdentifier
  • TBA8_MOUSE
  • D4P911
  • Q9CV57
sequenceLength 449
species [Species:48892] Mus musculus
stId uniprot:Q9JJZ2
url http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9JJZ2
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