UniProt:P63258 ACTG1

chain
  • chain:1-375
  • initiator methionine:1
  • chain:2-375
checksum 54D08F986964EFD5
comment
  • FUNCTION Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. May play a role in the repair of noise-induced stereocilia gaps thereby maintains hearing sensitivity following loud noise damage (By similarity).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + H(+)SUBUNIT Polymerization of globular actin (G-actin) leads to a structural filament (F-actin) in the form of a two-stranded helix. Each actin can bind to 4 others. Interacts with TWF1, CAPZB, cofilin and profilin.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION N-terminal cleavage of acetylated methionine of immature cytoplasmic actin by ACTMAP.PTM Oxidation of Met-44 and Met-47 by MICALs (MICAL1, MICAL2 or MICAL3) to form methionine sulfoxide promotes actin filament depolymerization. MICAL1 and MICAL2 produce the (R)-S-oxide form. The (R)-S-oxide form is reverted by MSRB1 and MSRB2, which promote actin repolymerization.PTM Monomethylation at Lys-84 (K84me1) regulates actin-myosin interaction and actomyosin-dependent processes. Demethylation by ALKBH4 is required for maintaining actomyosin dynamics supporting normal cleavage furrow ingression during cytokinesis and cell migration.PTM N-terminal acetylation by NAA80 affects actin filament depolymerization and elongation, including elongation driven by formins. In contrast, filament nucleation by the Arp2/3 complex is not affected.PTM Methylated at His-73 by SETD3.MISCELLANEOUS In vertebrates 3 main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta and gamma have been identified. The alpha actins are found in muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins coexist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton and as mediators of internal cell motility.SIMILARITY Belongs to the actin family.
crossReference
databaseName UniProt
dbId 49609
description
  • recommendedName: Actin, cytoplasmic 2 ecNumber evidence="3"3.6.4.- alternativeName: Gamma-actin component recommendedName: Actin, cytoplasmic 2, N-terminally processed /component
displayName UniProt:P63258 ACTG1
geneName
  • ACTG1
  • ACTG
identifier P63258
isSequenceChanged false
keyword
  • Acetylation
  • ATP-binding
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Direct protein sequencing
  • Hydrolase
  • Methylation
  • Nucleotide-binding
  • Oxidation
  • Reference proteome
modified [InstanceEdit:9963647] Weiser, Joel, 2025-08-15
moleculeType Protein
name
  • ACTG1
physicalEntity
referenceDatabase [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene
referenceTranscript
schemaClass ReferenceGeneProduct
secondaryIdentifier
  • ACTG_BOVIN
  • A6QL78
  • P02571
  • P14104
  • P99022
  • Q3SZC9
sequenceLength 375
species [Species:48898] Bos taurus
stId uniprot:P63258
url http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P63258
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