UniProt:P54840 GYS2

chain
  • chain:1-703
checksum 718F000D6D00CA4A
comment
  • FUNCTION Glycogen synthase participates in the glycogen biosynthetic process along with glycogenin and glycogen branching enzyme. Extends the primer composed of a few glucose units formed by glycogenin by adding new glucose units to it. In this context, glycogen synthase transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non-reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan.CATALYTIC ACTIVITY [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl](n) + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl](n+1) + UDP + H(+)ACTIVITY REGULATION Allosteric activation by glucose-6-phosphate (PubMed:1731614). Phosphorylation reduces the activity towards UDP-glucose (PubMed:1731614). When in the non-phosphorylated state, glycogen synthase does not require glucose-6-phosphate as an allosteric activator; when phosphorylated it does (PubMed:1731614).BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES Optimum pH is 7.5-8.5 (at 25 degrees Celsius) (non-phosphorylated state). Optimum pH is 8.5 (at 25 degrees Celsius) (most phosphorylated state).PATHWAY Glycan biosynthesis; glycogen biosynthesis.SUBUNIT Part of the glycogen synthase (GS)-glycogenin complex, a heterooctamer composed of a tetramer of GS and 2 dimers of glycogenin, where each GS protomer binds to one glycogenin subunit (via glycogenin C-terminus); the GS tetramer may dissociate from glycogenin dimers to continue glycogen polymerization on its own (By similarity). May also form a heterooctamer complex with GYG1 (via GYG1 C-terminus) (By similarity).TISSUE SPECIFICITY Specifically expressed in liver (at protein level).PTM Primed phosphorylation at Ser-657 (site 5) by CSNK2A1 and CSNK2A2 is required for inhibitory phosphorylation at Ser-641 (site 3a), Ser-645 (site 3b), Ser-649 (site 3c) and Ser-653 (site 4) by GSK3A an GSK3B. Dephosphorylation at Ser-641 and Ser-645 by PP1 activates the enzyme (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-8 is not required for interaction with GYG1 (By similarity). Interaction with GYG1 does not regulate the phosphorylation at Ser-8 and Ser-641 (By similarity).DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.SIMILARITY Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 3 family.
crossReference
databaseName UniProt
dbId 56098
description
  • recommendedName: fullName evidence="13"Glycogen [starch] synthase, liver ecNumber evidence="7 9"2.4.1.11 alternativeName: fullName evidence="14"Glycogen synthase 2
displayName UniProt:P54840 GYS2
geneName
  • GYS2
identifier P54840
isSequenceChanged false
keyword
  • Allosteric enzyme
  • Disease variant
  • Glycogen biosynthesis
  • Glycogen storage disease
  • Glycosyltransferase
  • Phosphoprotein
  • Proteomics identification
  • Reference proteome
  • Transferase
modified [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21
moleculeType Protein
name
  • GYS2
otherIdentifier
  • 11725020_at
  • 16762107
  • 214621_PM_at
  • 214621_at
  • 2998
  • 3446846
  • 3446847
  • 3446848
  • 3446849
  • 3446850
  • 3446851
  • 3446852
  • 3446855
  • 3446856
  • 3446857
  • 3446858
  • 3446860
  • 3446861
  • 3446862
  • 3446863
  • 3446864
  • 3446865
  • 3446866
  • 3446867
  • 40682_at
  • 7961673
  • A_23_P36621
  • A_33_P3360311
  • GE82630
  • GO:0003824
  • GO:0004373
  • GO:0005737
  • GO:0005829
  • GO:0005856
  • GO:0005938
  • GO:0005975
  • GO:0005978
  • GO:0009749
  • GO:0016740
  • GO:0016757
  • GO:0030864
  • GO:0061547
  • HMNXSV003030540
  • HMNXSV003031051
  • Hs.82614.0.S2_3p_at
  • ILMN_1807745
  • PH_hs_0004733
  • S70004_at
  • TC12001297.hg
  • TC12002789.hg
physicalEntity
referenceDatabase [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene
referenceTranscript
schemaClass ReferenceGeneProduct
secondaryIdentifier
  • GYS2_HUMAN
  • A0AVD8
sequenceLength 703
species [Species:48887] Homo sapiens
stId uniprot:P54840
url http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P54840
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