UniProt:P22680 CYP7A1

chain
  • chain:1-504
checksum D8067E0FF6342949
comment
  • FUNCTION A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endogenous cholesterol and its oxygenated derivatives (oxysterols) (PubMed:11013305, PubMed:12077124, PubMed:19965590, PubMed:21813643, PubMed:2384150). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:11013305, PubMed:12077124, PubMed:19965590, PubMed:21813643, PubMed:2384150). Functions as a critical regulatory enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bond at 7-alpha position of cholesterol, a rate-limiting step in cholesterol catabolism and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:12077124, PubMed:19965590, PubMed:2384150). 7-alpha hydroxylates several oxysterols, including 4beta-hydroxycholesterol and 24-hydroxycholesterol (PubMed:11013305, PubMed:12077124). Catalyzes the oxidation of the 7,8 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol and lathosterol with direct and predominant formation of the 7-keto derivatives (PubMed:21813643).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY 4beta-hydroxycholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 4beta,7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY lathosterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 7alpha,8alpha-epoxy-5alpha-cholestan-3beta-ol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY lathosterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 5alpha-cholestan-7-oxo-3beta-ol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY 7-dehydrocholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 7-oxocholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY (24S)-hydroxycholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (24S)-7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY (24R)-hydroxycholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (24R)-7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)COFACTOR kcat is 3.7 min(-1) with 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol (lathosterol) as substrate. kcat is 2.2 min(-1) with cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol (7-dehydrocholesterol) as substrate.PATHWAY Lipid metabolism; bile acid biosynthesis.PATHWAY Steroid metabolism; cholesterol degradation.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Detected in liver.INDUCTION Up-regulated by glucose and by cholestyramine. Down-regulated by chenodeoxycholic acid.SIMILARITY Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.ONLINE INFORMATION Cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase entry
crossReference
databaseName UniProt
dbId 52654
description
  • recommendedName: fullName evidence="13"Cytochrome P450 7A1 alternativeName: fullName evidence="15"24-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase ecNumber evidence="2"1.14.14.26 alternativeName: CYPVII alternativeName: fullName evidence="11"Cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase alternativeName: Cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase ecNumber evidence="9"1.14.14.23
displayName UniProt:P22680 CYP7A1
geneName
  • CYP7A1
  • CYP7
identifier P22680
isSequenceChanged false
keyword
  • 3D-structure
  • Cholesterol metabolism
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Heme
  • Iron
  • Lipid metabolism
  • Membrane
  • Metal-binding
  • Microsome
  • Monooxygenase
  • Oxidoreductase
  • Proteomics identification
  • Reference proteome
  • Steroid metabolism
  • Sterol metabolism
  • Transmembrane
  • Transmembrane helix
modified [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21
moleculeType Protein
name
  • CYP7A1
otherIdentifier
  • 11737278_at
  • 11737279_at
  • 1581
  • 17077442
  • 207406_PM_at
  • 207406_at
  • 3136757
  • 3136758
  • 3136759
  • 3136760
  • 3136761
  • 3136763
  • 3136764
  • 3136765
  • 3136766
  • 3136767
  • 31926_at
  • 8150920
  • A_23_P146198
  • GE58149
  • GO:0004497
  • GO:0005506
  • GO:0005783
  • GO:0005789
  • GO:0006629
  • GO:0006699
  • GO:0006707
  • GO:0008123
  • GO:0008202
  • GO:0008203
  • GO:0016020
  • GO:0016125
  • GO:0016491
  • GO:0016705
  • GO:0020037
  • GO:0032966
  • GO:0033782
  • GO:0042632
  • GO:0043226
  • GO:0043231
  • GO:0044281
  • GO:0045471
  • GO:0045542
  • GO:0045717
  • GO:0046872
  • GO:0070857
  • GO:0071333
  • GO:0071397
  • HMNXSV003046164
  • ILMN_1749575
  • PH_hs_0027534
  • TC08001245.hg
  • X56088_s_at
  • g13787185_3p_at
physicalEntity
referenceDatabase [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene
referenceTranscript
schemaClass ReferenceGeneProduct
secondaryIdentifier
  • CP7A1_HUMAN
  • P78454
  • Q3MIL8
  • Q7KZ19
sequenceLength 504
species [Species:48887] Homo sapiens
stId uniprot:P22680
url http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22680
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