UniProt:P04640 Bglap

chain
  • signal peptide:1-23
  • propeptide:24-49
  • chain:50-99
checksum 7F18F1866D4E4388
comment
  • FUNCTION The carboxylated form is one of the main organic components of the bone matrix, which constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of bone formation and is required to limit bone formation without impairing bone resorption or mineralization (By similarity). Binds strongly to apatite and calcium upon gamma-carboxylation; this modification is essential for bone metabolism (By similarity).FUNCTION The uncarboxylated form acts as a hormone secreted by osteoblasts, which regulates different cellular processes, such as energy metabolism, male fertility and brain development. Regulates of energy metabolism by acting as a hormone favoring pancreatic beta-cell proliferation, insulin secretion and sensitivity and energy expenditure. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin hormone also promotes testosterone production in the testes: acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled receptor GPRC6A at the surface of Leydig cells, initiating a signaling response that promotes the expression of enzymes required for testosterone synthesis in a CREB-dependent manner. Also acts as a regulator of brain development: osteocalcin hormone crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a ligand for GPR158 on neurons, initiating a signaling response that prevents neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, favors the synthesis of all monoamine neurotransmitters and inhibits that of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Osteocalcin also crosses the placenta during pregnancy and maternal osteocalcin is required for fetal brain development.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Carboxylated by vitamin K-dependent GGCX to form gamma-carboxyglutamate; these residues are essential for the binding of calcium (By similarity). Decarboxylation promotes the hormone activity (By similarity).SIMILARITY Belongs to the osteocalcin/matrix Gla protein family.
crossReference
databaseName UniProt
dbId 97450
description
  • recommendedName: Osteocalcin alternativeName: Bone Gla protein shortName: BGP alternativeName: Gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein
displayName UniProt:P04640 Bglap
geneName
  • Bglap
  • Bglap2
identifier P04640
isSequenceChanged false
keyword
  • Biomineralization
  • Calcium
  • Cleavage on pair of basic residues
  • Disulfide bond
  • Gamma-carboxyglutamic acid
  • Hormone
  • Hydroxylation
  • Metal-binding
  • Reference proteome
  • Secreted
  • Signal
modified [InstanceEdit:9983091] Weiser, Joel, 2026-02-20
moleculeType Protein
name
  • Bglap
otherIdentifier
  • 10824289
  • 1369142_at
  • 17748669
  • 25295
  • 5828180
  • 5876615
  • 5894046
  • 5968250
  • 6095204
  • 6735087
  • A_43_P15447
  • GE1186440
  • GO:0001649
  • GO:0005509
  • GO:0005576
  • GO:0005737
  • GO:0030154
  • GO:0030500
  • GO:0032571
  • GO:0033280
  • GO:0048856
  • GO:0060348
  • GO:1900076
  • ILMN_1365188
  • M25490_at
  • PH_rn_0014760
physicalEntity
referenceDatabase [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene
referenceTranscript
schemaClass ReferenceGeneProduct
secondaryIdentifier
  • OSTCN_RAT
sequenceLength 99
species [Species:48895] Rattus norvegicus
stId uniprot:P04640
url http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P04640
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