FUNCTION Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair (PubMed:9374539, PubMed:1317798). The PSMD14 subunit is a metalloprotease that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains within the complex (PubMed:22909820). Plays a role in response to double-strand breaks (DSBs): acts as a regulator of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by cleaving 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin, thereby promoting retention of JMJD2A/KDM4A on chromatin and restricting TP53BP1 accumulation (PubMed:22909820). Also involved in homologous recombination repair by promoting RAD51 loading (PubMed:22909820). Regulates macroautophagy by ensuring Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport through its deubiquitinating activity on K63-linked ubiquitin chains. This activity prevents the retention of essential autophagy proteins at the Golgi, enabling their trafficking to autophagosome formation sites and supporting Golgi-ER membrane recycling critical for effective autophagy (PubMed:32210007).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Thiol-dependent hydrolysis of ester, thioester, amide, peptide and isopeptide bonds formed by the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin (a 76-residue protein attached to proteins as an intracellular targeting signal).SUBUNIT Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits including PSMD4, a base containing 6 ATPases and few additional components (PubMed:27342858, PubMed:27428775). Within the complex, PSMD4 interacts with subunit PSMD7 through their respective MPN domain. Interacts with TXNL1 (PubMed:19349277).INTERACTION Widely expressed. Highest levels in heart and skeletal muscle.DOMAIN The JAMM motif is required for the deubiquitination and degradation of ubiquitinated substrates.SIMILARITY Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. PSMD14 subfamily.
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