Odd-skipped related 1 (OSR1, also called ODD1) is expressed in the intermediate mesoderm at early neurulation (inferred from the mouse homolog). OSR1 is required for development of the intermediate mesoderm, metanephric kidney, and heart (inferred from mouse embryos). OSR1 positively regulates expression of PAX2, LHX1, and WT1 (inferred from mouse homologs) and is positively regulated by PAX2 (inferred from mouse homologs). Retinoic acid activates expression of OSR1 (inferred from mouse homologs). FOXC1 and FOXC2 in paraxial mesoderm repress expression of OSR1 and restrict expansion of the intermediate mesoderm (inferred from mouse homologs). In mice, cells expressing Osr1 in the intermediate mesoderm give rise to the majority of cell types in the metanephric kidney.