In the presence of functional nsp14, which acts as a 3'-to-5' exonuclease, the mutation rate during human SARS coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) replication is 9 x 10^-7 (9E-7) per nucleotide per replication cycle or 2.2 x 10^-5 (2.2E-5) non-redundant substitutions per nucleotide, which translates into 2-3 nucleotide substitutions for each replicated SARS-CoV-1 genome. When nsp14 is defective, the mutation rate during SARS-CoV-1 replication increases to 1.2 x 10^-5 (1.2E-5) mutations per nucleotide per replication cycle or 3.34 x 10^-4 (3.34E-4) non-redundant substitutions per nucleotide, which translates into 12-23 nucleotide substitutions for each replicated SARS-CoV-1 genome (Eckerle et al. 2010). Here the process is annotated in two steps, nsp12- mediated misincorporation of a base (this reaction) and nsp14-mediated detection and removal of that base (next reaction).
Li, K, Becker, MM, Scherbakova, S, Lu, X, Denison, MR, Graham, RL, Eckerle, LD, Halpin, RA, Stockwell, TB, Venter, E, Spiro, DJ, Baric, RS
RNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity of SARS coronavirus gRNA:RTC:RNA primer [double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane]
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