Atypical protein kinases lack the calcium binding C2 domain and are unresponsive to diacylglycerol and phorbol ester, but instead respond to PIP3 generation downstream of PI3K signaling. Atypical protein kinase C zeta (PRKCZ) is activated downstream of estrogen stimulation is MCF7 breast cancer cells and contributes estrogen-dependent proliferation through MAPK pathway activation (Castoria et al, 2004).
Castoria, G, Migliaccio, A, Di Domenico, M, Lombardi, M, de Falco, A, Varricchio, L, Bilancio, A, Barone, MV, Auricchio, F
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