Defective EXT2 (in EXT1:EXT2) does not transfer GlcA to heparan

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-9036289
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
Golgi membrane, Golgi lumen
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Defective EXT2 (in EXT1:EXT2) does not transfer GlcA to heparan
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Exostosin 1 and 2 (EXT1 and 2) are dual-specific glycosyltransferases required to form heparan sulfate (HS) which is involved in regulating various body functions during development, homeostasis and pathology including blood clotting, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. They are able to transfer N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and glucuronate (GlcA) to HS during its synthesis. Defects in EXT2 cause exostoses 2 (MIM:133701), an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by multiple projections of bone capped by cartilage resulting in deformed legs, forearms and hands. Mutations causing exostoses 2 are V187Pfs*115, A361Pfs*44, D227N, G172*, Q258* and Y222* (Stickens et al. 1996, Wyuts et al. 1996, Philippe et al. 1997, Heinritz et al. 2009).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
8894688 Positional cloning of a gene involved in hereditary multiple exostoses

Wuyts, W, Van Hul, W, Wauters, J, Nemtsova, M, Reyniers, E, Van Hul, EV, De Boulle, K, de Vries, BB, Hendrickx, J, Herrygers, I, Bossuyt, P, Balemans, W, Fransen, E, Vits, L, Coucke, P, Nowak, NJ, Shows, TB, Mallet, L, van den Ouweland, AM, McGaughran, J, Halley, DJ, Willems, PJ

Hum. Mol. Genet. 1996
8782816 The EXT2 multiple exostoses gene defines a family of putative tumour suppressor genes

Stickens, D, Clines, G, Burbee, D, Ramos, P, Thomas, S, Hogue, D, Hecht, JT, Lovett, M, Evans, GA

Nat. Genet. 1996
19344451 New mutations of EXT1 and EXT2 genes in German patients with Multiple Osteochondromas

Heinritz, W, Hüffmeier, U, Strenge, S, Miterski, B, Zweier, C, Leinung, S, Bohring, A, Mitulla, B, Peters, U, Froster, UG

Ann. Hum. Genet. 2009
9326317 Mutation screening of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses

Philippe, C, Porter, DE, Emerton, ME, Wells, DE, Simpson, AH, Monaco, AP

Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1997
Participants
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as an event of
Catalyst Activity

N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity of EXT1:EXT2 mutants [Golgi membrane]

Physical Entity
EXT1:EXT2 mutants [Golgi membrane] (Homo sapiens)
Activity
N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity (GO:0050509)
Normal reaction
EXT1:EXT2 transfers GlcA to heparan (Homo sapiens)
Functional status

Loss of function of EXT1:EXT2 mutants [Golgi membrane]

Normal Entity
Disease Entity
Status
Disease
Name Identifier Synonyms
hereditary multiple exostoses DOID:206 Osteochondromatosis syndrome (disorder) [Ambiguous], Multiple exostosis syndromes, Multiple congenital exostosis
Cross References
Mondo
Authored
Jassal, B  (2013-05-31)
Reviewed
Spillmann, D  (2014-07-09)
Created
Jassal, B  (2013-05-31)
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