Reactome | RHOV GTPase cycle

RHOV GTPase cycle

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-9013424

DOI

10.3180/R-HSA-9013424.2

Type

Pathway

Species

Homo sapiens

ReviewStatus

5/5

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RHOV (also known as Chp) is an atypical RHO GTPase that is thought to be constitutively active due to its high intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity. No guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) nor GTPase activator proteins (GAPs) that act on RHOV have been identified. RHOV is expressed at very low levels. The expression of RHOV is detected during embryonic development in fish (Tay et al. 2010), frog (Guémar et al. 2007) and chicken (Notarnicola et al. 2008). RHOV is involved in neural crest formation, where its expression is induced downstream of WNT signaling. RHOV is thought to regulate cell adhesion, as its zebrafish orthologue is required for proper localization of E-cadherin and beta-catenin at adherens junctions. RHOV activates JNK and induces apoptosis in rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 (Shepelev et al 2011) and in macrophages (Song et al. 2015).

RHOV gene overexpression is a molecular marker of human lung adenocarcinoma (Shepelev and Korobko 2013, Shukla et al. 2017, Ma et al. 2020, Zhang et al. 2020), where RHOV is likely to act as an oncogene (Chen et al. 2021).

For review, please refer to Faure and Fort 2015, and Hodge and Ridley 2020.

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
26555387	Atypical RhoV and RhoU GTPases control development of the neural crest Faure, S, Fort, P	Small GTPases	2015
17761159	The small GTPase RhoV is an essential regulator of neural crest induction in Xenopus Guémar, L, de Santa Barbara, P, Vignal, E, Maurel, B, Fort, P, Faure, S	Dev Biol	2007
29189096	Regulation and functions of RhoU and RhoV Hodge, RG, Ridley, AJ	Small GTPases	2020
24388711	The RHOV gene is overexpressed in human non-small cell lung cancer Shepelev, MV, Korobko, IV	Cancer Genet	2013
25354898	RhoV mediates apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages caused by osteoclast differentiation Song, R, Liu, X, Zhu, J, Gao, Q, Wang, Q, Zhang, J, Wang, D, Cheng, L, Hu, D, Yuan, Y, Gu, J, Liu, Z	Mol Med Rep	2015
18351666	Dynamic expression patterns of RhoV/Chp and RhoU/Wrch during chicken embryonic development Notarnicola, C, Le Guen, L, Fort, P, Faure, S, de Santa Barbara, P	Dev Dyn	2008
31956375	Identification of a Sixteen-gene Prognostic Biomarker for Lung Adenocarcinoma Using a Machine Learning Method Ma, B, Geng, Y, Meng, F, Yan, G, Song, F	J Cancer	2020
27707839	Development of a RNA-Seq Based Prognostic Signature in Lung Adenocarcinoma Shukla, S, Evans, JR, Malik, R, Feng, FY, Dhanasekaran, SM, Cao, X, Chen, G, Beer, DG, Jiang, H, Chinnaiyan, AM	J Natl Cancer Inst	2017
33195688	Development and Validation of a Seven-Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Zhang, Y, Zhang, X, Lv, X, Zhang, M, Gao, X, Liu, J, Xu, Y, Fang, Z, Chen, W	Biomed Res Int	2020
33767988	Overexpression of RhoV Promotes the Progression and EGFR-TKI Resistance of Lung Adenocarcinoma Chen, H, Xia, R, Jiang, L, Zhou, Y, Xu, H, Peng, W, Yao, C, Zhou, G, Zhang, Y, Xia, H, Wang, Y	Front Oncol	2021
21686277	Rho family GTPase Chp/RhoV induces PC12 apoptotic cell death via JNK activation Shepelev, MV, Chernoff, J, Korobko, IV	Small GTPases	2011
20405038	A vertebrate-specific Chp-PAK-PIX pathway maintains E-cadherin at adherens junctions during zebrafish epiboly Tay, HG, Ng, YW, Manser, E	PLoS One	2010