Interleukins (IL) are immunomodulatory proteins that elicit a wide array of responses in cells and tissues. Interleukin 37 (IL-37, IL-1 F7) is a member of the IL-1 family. There are five isoforms of IL-37 (a-e) of which transcript IL-37b is known to be functional (Sharma et al. 2008). This isoform is represented in UniProt as the canonical form of IL-37 and in Reactome as the full length, unprocessed form of IL-37. Like several other IL-1 family members, IL-37 is synthesized as a precursor that requires processing (primarily by caspase 1) to attain full receptor agonist or antagonist function. The processing of IL-37 begins by the binding of Caspase to the protein. This is a black box event because the precise Caspase binding site in IL-37 is unclear.
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