Interleukin-34 (IL34) can bind Syndecan-1 (SDC1), a cell surface proteoglycan. Low levels of SDC1 may sequester IL34 at the cell surface and prevent it from binding Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), while high SDC1 levels may facilitate IL34-CSF1R signaling (Segaliny et al. 2015). Ultimately, these events lead to the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines regulating the innate immunity and inflammation. The precise interaction between IL34:SDC1 and CSF1R is unknown. Hence, this interaction is represented as an uncertain black box event.
Ségaliny, AI, Brion, R, Mortier, E, Maillasson, M, Cherel, M, Jacques, Y, Le Goff, B, Heymann, D
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