Reactome | GLUT2 (SLC2A2) tetramer transports Glc from extracellular region to cytosol

GLUT2 (SLC2A2) tetramer transports Glc from extracellular region to cytosol

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-8981574

Type

Reaction [transition]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

cytosol, plasma membrane, extracellular region

ReviewStatus

5/5

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GLUT2 (SLC2A2) tetramer transports Glc from extracellular region to cytosol

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Tetrameric GLUT2, the SLC2A2 gene product, associated with the plasma membrane, mediates the facilitated diffusion of glucose (Glc) into cells. GLUT2 is expressed on hepatocytes and pancreatic beta cells, and on the basolateral surfaces of enterocytes in the small intestine. Because of its high Km for glucose (~15-20 mM), GLUT2-mediated glucose uptake increases proportionally with increase of blood glucose concentration after a meal. This feature of the transporter is thought to enable efficient uptake of large amounts of glucose by the liver in the fed state, and to allow it to function as part of a glucose sensor coupled to insulin release in pancreatic beta cells (Thorens 2001). GLUT2 also mediates glucose export from liver cells when gluconeogenesis is underway (Colville et al. 1993; Santer et al. 1997; Wu et al. 1998). GLUT2 on enterocytes mediates the release of dietary glucose, galactose, and fructose into the circulation. This activity is annotated as part of the intestinal absorption module. Defects in SLC2A2 are the cause of Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS). It is characterized by hepatorenal glycogen accumulation, proximal renal tubular dysfunction, and impaired utilization of glucose and galactose (Burwinkel et al. 1999).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
10987651	A mutation in GLUT2, not in phosphorylase kinase subunits, in hepato-renal glycogenosis with Fanconi syndrome and low phosphorylase kinase activity Kilimann, MW, Al-Sabban, E, Al-Abbad, A, Sanjad, SA, Burwinkel, B	Hum Genet	1999
9354798	Mutations in GLUT2, the gene for the liver-type glucose transporter, in patients with Fanconi-Bickel syndrome Santer, R, Dombrowski, A, Steinmann, B, Gotze, H, Schaub, J, Schneppenheim, R	Nat Genet	1997
9751501	Different functional domains of GLUT2 glucose transporter are required for glucose affinity and substrate specificity Powers, AC, Wu, L, Fritz, JD	Endocrinology	1998
11780755	GLUT2 in pancreatic and extra-pancreatic gluco-detection (review) Thorens, B	Mol Membr Biol	2001
8457197	Kinetic analysis of the liver-type (GLUT2) and brain-type (GLUT3) glucose transporters in Xenopus oocytes: substrate specificities and effects of transport inhibitors Gould, GW, Colville, CA, Seatter, MJ, Thomas, HM, Jess, TJ	Biochem J	1993