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CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b
Stable Identifier
R-HSA-8852874
Type
Reaction [binding]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
plasma membrane
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Immune System (Homo sapiens)
Innate Immune System (Homo sapiens)
Complement cascade (Homo sapiens)
Regulation of Complement cascade (Homo sapiens)
CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b (Homo sapiens)
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Complement receptor CR2 (CD21) is predominantly expressed on the surface of B-cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). It binds the C3 fragments C3dg, C3d, and with lower affinity, inactive C3b (iC3b) on the antigen surface, where it forms the B cell co-receptor complex with CD19 and CD81 (Matsumoto et al. 1993). Co-ligation of receptors due to C3dg opsonisation lowers the threshold for B cell activation by 1000 to 10,000 times (Dempsey et al. 1996, Mongini et al. 1997); the C3d:CR2 complex induces an increase of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling in the presence of C3d-opsonized antigen on the B cell surface (Cherukuri et al. 2001). C3 is required for the induction and maintenance of B-cell lineage memory cells in germinal centers (GCs), where B cells encounter antigen-antibody-C3 fragment complexes on the surface of FDCs (Klaus & Humphrey 1986). C3d-opsonized antigen binds to CR2 on FDCs, which can present the antigen and induce effector and memory B cells (Fang et al. 1998).
Complement fragments, iC3b and C3dg, are produced in vivo due to the actions of the complement serine protease, factor I. This enzyme cleaves C3b in the presence of cofactors (factor H, MCP/CD46, complement receptor 1/CR1/CD35) to generate iC3b. CR1 acts as a cofactor for further factor I-mediated cleavage to C3dg.
Literature References
PubMed ID
Title
Journal
Year
6230668
Identification of a 145,000 Mr membrane protein as the C3d receptor (CR2) of human B lymphocytes
Tedder, TF
,
Weis, JJ
,
Fearon, DT
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
1984
Participants
Input
C3d, C3dg, iC3b [plasma membrane]
(Homo sapiens)
CR2 [plasma membrane]
(Homo sapiens)
Output
CR2:C3d,C3dg,iC3b [plasma membrane]
(Homo sapiens)
Participates
as an event of
Regulation of Complement cascade (Homo sapiens)
Orthologous Events
CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b (Bos taurus)
CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b (Canis familiaris)
CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b (Gallus gallus)
CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b (Mus musculus)
CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b (Rattus norvegicus)
CR2 binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b (Sus scrofa)
Authored
Jupe, S (2016-01-06)
Reviewed
Bulla, R (2017-02-01)
Created
Jupe, S (2016-01-21)
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