The reversible reduction of 1,3BPG (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate) to form G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) is catalyzed by cytosolic GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) tetramer.
There are multiple human GAPDH-like pseudogenes, but only one GAPDH gene expressed in somatic tissue (Benham and Povey 1989). Consistent with this conclusion, the homogeneous enzymes purified from various human tissues had indistinguishable physical and immunochemical properties (Heinz and Freimuller 1982), and studies of human erythrocytes of various ages suggested that variant forms of the enzyme arise as a result of post-translational modifications (Edwards et al. 1976). There is, however, an authentic second isoform of GAPDH whose expression is confined to spermatogenic cells of the testis (Welch et al. 2000).
Eddy, EM, Bunch, DO, Mori, C, O'Brien, DA, Magyar, PL, Welch, JE, Brown, PL
Edwards, YH, Harris, H, Clark, P
Florence, B, Alexander, M, Denaro, M, Ercolani, L
Freimüller, B, Heinz, F
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity of GAPDH tetramers [cytosol]
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