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Pyruvate metabolism
Stable Identifier
R-HSA-70268
DOI
10.3180/R-HSA-70268.9
Type
Pathway
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
cytosol
,
mitochondrial intermembrane space
,
mitochondrial matrix
Synonyms
Cori Cycle (interconversion of glucose and lactate)
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Metabolism (Homo sapiens)
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Homo sapiens)
Pyruvate metabolism (Homo sapiens)
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Pyruvate sits at an intersection of key pathways of energy metabolism. It is the end product of glycolysis and the starting point for gluconeogenesis and can be generated by the transamination of alanine. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex can convert it to acetyl CoA (Reed and Hackert 1990), which can enter the TCA cycle or serve as the starting point for the syntheses of long-chain fatty acids, steroids, and ketone bodies depending on the tissue and metabolic state in which it is formed. It also plays a central role in balancing the energy needs of various tissues in the body. Under conditions in which oxygen supply is limiting, e.g., in exercising muscle, or in the absence of mitochondria, e.g., in red blood cells, re-oxidation of NADH produced by glycolysis cannot be coupled to the generation of ATP. Instead, re-oxidation is coupled to the reduction of pyruvate to lactate. This lactate is released into the blood and taken up primarily by the liver, where it is oxidized to pyruvate and can be used for gluconeogenesis (Cori 1981). For a recent review, see Prochownik & Wang, 2021.
Literature References
PubMed ID
Title
Journal
Year
7273846
The glucose-lactic acid cycle and gluconeogenesis
Cori, CF
Curr Top Cell Regul
1981
2188967
Structure-function relationships in dihydrolipoamide acyltransferases.
Reed, LJ
,
Hackert, ML
J Biol Chem
1990
33808495
The Metabolic Fates of Pyruvate in Normal and Neoplastic Cells
Prochownik, EV
,
Wang, H
Cells
2021
Participants
Events
PXLP-K314-GPT transaminates L-Ala to form PYR
(Homo sapiens)
PKM dephosphorylates PEP to PYR
(Homo sapiens)
ME1 tetramer decarboxylates MAL to PYR
(Homo sapiens)
ME1 tetramer decarboxylates OA to PYR
(Homo sapiens)
LDH tetramer oxidises LACT to PYR
(Homo sapiens)
LDH tetramer reduces PYR to LACT
(Homo sapiens)
Cytosolic H2O2 decarboxylates PYR to acetate
(Homo sapiens)
VDAC1 transports PYR from cytosol to mitochondrial intermembrane space
(Homo sapiens)
MPC1:MPC2 imports PYR, H+ to mitochondrial matrix
(Homo sapiens)
FAHD1 dimer hydrolyses OA to PYR
(Homo sapiens)
ME2 tetramer decarboxylates MAL to PYR
(Homo sapiens)
ME3 tetramer decarboxylates MAL to PYR
(Homo sapiens)
PDH complex synthesizes acetyl-CoA from PYR
(Homo sapiens)
Regulation of pyruvate metabolism
(Homo sapiens)
LDHAL6B reduces PYR to LACT
(Homo sapiens)
PC carboxylates PYR to OA
(Homo sapiens)
Mitochondrial H2O2 decarboxylates PYR to acetate
(Homo sapiens)
GLO1 dimer:2xZn2+ transforms MGXL and GSH to (R)-S-LGSH
(Homo sapiens)
HAGH hydrolyses (R)-S-LGSH to GSH and LACT
(Homo sapiens)
Participates
as an event of
Aerobic respiration and respiratory electron transport (Homo sapiens)
Event Information
Go Biological Process
pyruvate metabolic process (0006090)
Orthologous Events
Pyruvate metabolism (Bos taurus)
Pyruvate metabolism (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Pyruvate metabolism (Canis familiaris)
Pyruvate metabolism (Danio rerio)
Pyruvate metabolism (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Pyruvate metabolism (Drosophila melanogaster)
Pyruvate metabolism (Gallus gallus)
Pyruvate metabolism (Mus musculus)
Pyruvate metabolism (Plasmodium falciparum)
Pyruvate metabolism (Rattus norvegicus)
Pyruvate metabolism (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Pyruvate metabolism (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
Pyruvate metabolism (Sus scrofa)
Pyruvate metabolism (Xenopus tropicalis)
Reviewed
Hill, DP (2024-03-01)
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