HPN heterodimer cleaves pro-HGF to form HGF dimer

Stable Identifier
R-HSA-6800200
Type
Reaction [transition]
Species
Homo sapiens
Compartment
ReviewStatus
5/5
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Hepsin (HPN, aka TMPRSS1) is a cell surface-expressed chymotrypsin-like serine protease and a member of the family of type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSP). The HPN zymogen is activated autocatalytically by cleavage at Arg162-Ile163, forming a heterodimeric enzyme (Tsuji et al. 1991, Torres-Rosado et al. 1993). HPN plays an essential role in cell growth and maintenance of cell morphology and is highly upregulated in prostate cancer and promotes tumor progression and metastasis (Klezovitch et al. 2004). Located on the cell surface, HPN can activate fibrinolytic enzymes, matrix metalloproteases and latent forms of growth factors, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). HGF is a pleiotropic factor and activates hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET). HGF is secreted into the extracellular matrix as an inactive single chain precursor (pro-HGF (32-728)) and requires cleavage at Arg494–Val495 to form the biologically active alpha-beta heterodimer (Hartmann et al. 1992, Kirchhofer et al. 2005). The Kunitz-type protease inhibitors 1 and 2 (SPINT1 and 2, aka HAI1 and 2) are inhibitors of HPN activity (Kawaguchi et al. 1997, Shimomoura et al. 1997, Kirchhofer et al. 2005).
Literature References
PubMed ID Title Journal Year
9346890 Purification and cloning of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 2, a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor

Denda, K, Kitamura, N, Matsumoto, K, Kawaguchi, T, Kondo, J, Shimomura, T, Qin, L

J. Biol. Chem. 1997
15324701 Hepsin promotes prostate cancer progression and metastasis

Roberts, RL, Chevillet, J, Vasioukhin, V, Mirosevich, J, Klezovitch, O, Matusik, RJ

Cancer Cell 2004
15792801 Hepsin activates pro-hepatocyte growth factor and is inhibited by hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1B (HAI-1B) and HAI-2

Kirchhofer, D, Lipari, MT, Fan, B, Peek, M, Billeci, K, Moran, P

FEBS Lett. 2005
8346233 Hepsin, a putative cell-surface serine protease, is required for mammalian cell growth

Kurachi, K, Tsuji, A, Torres-Rosado, A, Chou, SH, O'Shea, KS

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1993
9045658 Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor, a novel Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor

Miyazawa, K, Denda, K, Kito, M, Kitamura, N, Takata, H, Kitamura, A, Kagaya, S, Kawaguchi, T, Kondo, J, Qin, L, Shimomura, T

J. Biol. Chem. 1997
1885621 Hepsin, a cell membrane-associated protease. Characterization, tissue distribution, and gene localization

Le Beau, MM, Kurachi, K, Lemons, RS, Torres-Rosado, A, Tsuji, A, Chou, SH, Arai, T

J. Biol. Chem. 1991
1280830 A functional domain in the heavy chain of scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor binds the c-Met receptor and induces cell dissociation but not mitogenesis

Naldini, L, Comoglio, PM, Hartmann, G, Vigna, E, Birchmeier, W, Weidner, KM, Sachs, M

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1992
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Catalyst Activity

serine-type endopeptidase activity of HPN heterodimer [plasma membrane]

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