Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key regulator of gene expression in response to signaling of many cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL6), Oncostatin M, and leukemia inhibitory factor. Using microarray techniques, hundreds of genes have been reported as potential STAT3 target genes (Dauer et al. 2005, Hsieh et al. 2005). Some of these genes have been proven to be direct STAT3 targets using genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation screening (Snyder et al. 2008, Carpenter & Lo 2014), including the mitochondrial outer membrane protein genes Apoptosis regulator BCL2 (Bhattacharya et al. 2005) and Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1, Bcl-XL) (Catlett-Falcone et al. 1999).
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 1 (SARS-CoV-1) E protein was reported to induce apoptosis by sequestering anti-apoptotic BCL2L1 to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi, where viral E protein is located (Yang Y et al. 2005). Similar findings were reported for SARS-CoV-1 7a (Tan YX et al. 2007).
Bhattacharya, S, Ray, RM, Johnson, LR
Nuñez, G, Fernández-Luna, JL, Landowski, TH, Catlett-Falcone, R, Jove, R, Ciliberto, G, Turkson, J, Moscinski, L, Oshiro, MM, Dalton, WS, Levitzki, A, Savino, R
Lo, HW, Carpenter, RL
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