ULK1 (and ULK2) can phosphorylate both ATG13 and RB1CC1 (Hosakawa et al. 2009, Jung et al. 2009). Similarly Drosophila Atg1, the orthologue of ULK1, phosphorylates Drosophila Atg13 (Chang & Neufeld 2009). This phosphorylation is believed to be activating, opposing the inactivating phosphorylation of ATG13 by mTORC1 (Kamada et al. 2000, Hosakawa et al. 2009,Chang & Neufeld 2009, Jung et al. 2009) under conditions of nutrient sufficiency.
Natsume, T, Yamada, N, Mizushima, N, Hosokawa, N, Guan, JL, Iemura, S, Miura, Y, Hara, T, Kishi, C, Takehana, K, Takamura, A, Kaizuka, T, Oshiro, N
protein serine/threonine kinase activity of p-AMPK heterotrimer:AMP:p-T180,S317,467,556,638,T575-ULK1:ATG13:RB1CC1:ATG101 [cytosol]
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