Cytosolic AKR1B1 (aldose reductase) catalyzes the reaction of glucose (Glc) and NADPH + H+ to form D-sorbitol and NADP+. This reaction was first described by Hers (1960) in sheep seminal vesicles; the human enzyme was identified by Nishimura et al. (1990) and is a potential target for treatment of diabetic neuropathy (Oates, 2008). The active enzyme is a monomer (Ruiz et al. 2004) whose amino-terminal methionine residue has been removed (Jacquinod et al. 1993). Under physiological conditions, formation of D-sorbitol is strongly favored (Grimshaw 1992).
Hers, HG
Jaquinod, M, Potier, N, Klarskov, K, Reymann, JM, Sorokine, O, Kieffer, S, Barth, P, Andriantomanga, V, Biellmann, JF, Van Dorsselaer, A
Grimshaw, CE
Oates, PJ
Nishimura, C, Matsuura, Y, Kokai, Y, Akera, T, Carper, D, Morjana, N, Lyons, C, Flynn, TG
Ruiz, F, Hazemann, I, Mitschler, A, Joachimiak, A, Schneider, T, Karplus, M, Podjarny, A
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