Reactome | GGTs hydrolyse glutamate from AFXBO-SG, AFNBO-SG

GGTs hydrolyse glutamate from AFXBO-SG, AFNBO-SG

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-5433072

Type

Reaction [transition]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

extracellular region, plasma membrane

Synonyms

an S-substituted glutathione + H2O => an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + L-glutamate

ReviewStatus

5/5

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GGTs hydrolyse glutamate from AFXBO-SG, AFNBO-SG

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To be excreted in urine, glutathione conjugates undergo several hydrolysis steps to form mercapturic acids which are readily excreted. The first step is the hydrolysis of a gamma-glutamyl residue from the conjugate catalysed by gamma-glutamyltransferases (GGTs). These are membrane-bound, heterodimeric enzymes composed of light and heavy peptide chains. GGT1 and 2 are well characterised while GGT3P, 5, 6 and 7 are putative transferases. Extracellular glutathione or its conjugates can be hydrolysed to give cysteinylglycine (CG, or CG conjugates) and free glutamate (L-Glu) (Heisterkamp et al. 2008, Tate & Ross 1977, Pawlak et al. 1989).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
18357469	The human gamma-glutamyltransferase gene family Heisterkamp, N, Groffen, J, Warburton, D, Sneddon, TP	Hum Genet	2008
2573352	Different gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase mRNAs are expressed in human liver and kidney Pawlak, A, Wu, SJ, Bulle, F, Suzuki, A, Chikhi, N, Ferry, N, Baik, JH, Siegrist, S, Guellaën, G	Biochem Biophys Res Commun	1989
19463	Human kidney gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Catalytic properties, subunit structure, and localization of the gamma-glutamyl binding site on the light subunit Tate, SS, Ross, ME	J Biol Chem	1977