IL-32 has properties of a typical pro-inflammatory mediator, stimulating TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-8 production, and activating the NF-kappaB and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways. It is produced mainly by T, natural killer, epithelial and monocyte cells after stimulation by Interleukin-2, Interleukin-18 or IFN-gamma (Kim et al. 2005). IL-32 can bind proteinase 3, a neutrophil-derived serine protease, but its (assumed) receptor is unknown.
Novick, D, Rabinkov, A, Azam, T, Rubinstein, M, Kim, SH, Dinarello, CA
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