Detailed biochemical analyses of all the WNT ligand-receptor interactions that initiate the planar cell polarity pathway are not fully elucidated (reviewed in Gao et al, 2012). In Xenopus embryos, direct interaction between Wnt11 and Fzd7 has been shown to be required for convergent extension during gastrulation (Djiane et al, 2000), In mouse Fzd 1, 2, 3 and 6 have known roles in neural tube closure and cochlear hair orientation, two typical PCP processes, although the initiating ligands have not been clearly defined (Guo et al, 2004; Wang et al, 2006; Yu et al, 2010). Similarly, vertebrate Wnt5a and Wnt11 are implicated in numerous PCP processes including limb bud formation, neural tube closure, hair orientation and cytoskeletal rearrangements, but a direct interaction with a FZD receptor has not been demonstrated in all cases (Gao et al, 2011; Qian et al, 2007).
Shi, D, Riou, J, Djiane, A, Umbhauer, M, Boucaut, JC
Song, H, Yang, Y, Garrett, L, Robinson, J, Economides, AN, Minami, Y, Bishop, K, English, MA, Gao, B, Sood, R, Andre, P, Elliot, G
Dai, X, Zhang, X, Jones, C, Qian, D, Rzadzinska, A, Chen, P, Steel, KP, Mark, S
Yu, H, Wang, Y, Reed, R, Smallwood, PM, Nathans, J, Vidaltamayo, R
Guo, N, Wang, Y, Nathans, J
Hawkins, C, Guo, N, Nathans, J
Gao, B
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