TLR4 and TLR3 signaling pathways were shown to mediate apoptosis in various human cell lines in the FADD:caspasse-8-dependent manner [Kalai M et al 2002; Kaiser WJ and Offermann MK 2005; Estornes Y et al 2012]. Caspase-8 zymogens (procaspase-8) are present in the cells as inactive monomers, containing a large N-terminal prodomain with two death effector domains (DED), and a C-terminal catalytic subunit composed of small and a large domains separated by a smaller linker region [Donepudi M et al 2003; Keller N et al 2009]. Dimerization is required for caspase-8 activation [Donepudi M et al 2003]. The dimerization event occurs at the receptor signaling complex. Once dimerized, caspase-8 zymogen undergoes a series of autoproteolytic cleavage events at aspartic acid residues in their interdomain linker regions. A second cleavage event between the the N-terminal prodomain and the catalytic domain releases the active caspase from the activation complex into the cytosol. The resulting fully active enzyme is a homodimer of catalytic domains, where each domain is compsed of a large p18 and a small p10 subunit [Keller N et al 2009; Oberst A et al 2010].
Kaiser, WJ, Offermann, MK
Keller, N, Mares, J, Zerbe, O, Grütter, MG
Oberst, A, Pop, C, Tremblay, AG, Blais, V, Denault, JB, Salvesen, GS, Green, DR
Donepudi, M, Mac Sweeney, A, Briand, C, Grütter, MG
Kalai, M, Van Loo, G, Vanden Berghe, T, Meeus, A, Burm, W, Saelens, X, Vandenabeele, P
Feoktistova, M, Geserick, P, Kellert, B, Dimitrova, DP, Langlais, C, Hupe, M, Cain, K, MacFarlane, M, Häcker, G, Leverkus, M
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