Reactome | CatSper Channel Mediated Calcium Transport

CatSper Channel Mediated Calcium Transport

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-2534359

Type

Reaction [transition]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

plasma membrane

ReviewStatus

5/5

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CatSper Channel Mediated Calcium Transport

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CatSper (CATionic channel of SPERm), a pH regulated, principal flagellar calcium ion channel. CatSper is a core regulator of sperm tail calcium entry and sperm motility. All CatSper subunits are sperm specific proteins and are located in the principal piece of the sperm flagellum. The sperm specific CatSper channel controls the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Progesterone activates human CatSper, but not mouse, at low nanomolar concentrations by shifting the voltage dependency of the human CatSper channel into the physiological range. The pore of the CatSper channel is formed by four different CATSPER proteins (CATSPER 1, 2, 3, and -4) and all four are required for formation of the functional channel. In addition, three auxiliary subunits (CATSPERB, CATSPERG and CATSPERD) make this complex to be the one of the most sophisticated mammalian ion channels known. Only CATSPER1 is believed to be regulated by pH. The absence of any of the pore-forming CATSPER proteins, or gamma or beta auxiliary subunits- leads to disappearance of the whole CatSper channel. Syndromic male infertility (SMI) in association with CATSPER mutations is described in a number of human gene mutation studies. The absence of CatSper channel leads to male infertility both in mice and humans.

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
23530196	Disruption of the principal, progesterone-activated sperm Ca2+ channel in a CatSper2-deficient infertile patient Fellous, M, Serres, C, Lishko, PV, Syritsyna, O, Kirichok, Y, Mannowetz, N, Smith, JF	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2013
11595941	A sperm ion channel required for sperm motility and male fertility Shi, Q, Ren, D, Jackson, AC, Tilly, JL, Hsu, S, Perez, G, Clapham, DE, Navarro, B	Nature	2001
20648059	Genetic male infertility and mutation of CATSPER ion channels Smith, RJ, Kahrizi, K, Fellous, M, Serres, C, Zhang, Y, Najmabadi, H, Auer, J, Avenarius, MR, Beckmann, JS, Meyer, NC, Hildebrand, MS	Eur. J. Hum. Genet.	2010
21412339	Progesterone activates the principal Ca2+ channel of human sperm Botchkina, IL, Lishko, PV, Kirichok, Y	Nature	2011
17227845	All four CatSper ion channel proteins are required for male fertility and sperm cell hyperactivated motility Clapham, DE, Krapivinsky, L, Chong, JA, Navarro, B, Qi, H, Moran, MM, Ramsey, IS, Quill, TA, Kirichok, Y, Krapivinsky, G	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2007