Soluble monomers of tropoelastin are cross-linked by the oxidative deamination of lysine residues, catalyzed by lysyl oxidase (LOX). The first step in the cross linking reaction is the oxidative formation of the delta-aldehyde, known as alpha aminoadipic semialdehyde or allysine (Partridge 1963). Subsequent spontaneous reactions lead to the formation of cross-links through dehydrolysinonorleucine and allysine aldol, a trifunctional cross-link dehydromerodesmosine and two tetrafunctional cross-links desmosine and isodesmosine (Lucero & Kagan 2006), which are unique to elastin.
Kagan, HM, Sullivan, KA
Clarke, AW, Arnspang, EC, Mithieux, SM, Korkmaz, E, Braet, F, Weiss, AS
protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity of Lysyl oxidases:Cu2+ [extracellular region]
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