Reactome | Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) Is recruited to chromatin

Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) Is recruited to chromatin

Stable Identifier

R-HSA-212252

Type

Reaction [omitted]

Species

Homo sapiens

Compartment

nucleoplasm

ReviewStatus

4/5

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Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) Is recruited to chromatin

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The core of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 (PRC2) contains EZH2, EED, SUV12, RpAp46, and RpAp48 (Kuzzmichev et al. 2002, Cao et al. 2002). PRC2 complexes at different sites in the genome contain the core subunits plus different accessory subunits. In Drosophila PRC2 is recruited to chromatin by specific DNA sequences. In vertebrates PRC2 appears to be recruited to chromatin through several mechanisms: some (about 20%) of noncoding RNAs tethered to the locus of origin recruit PRC2 via the RNA-binding activity of EZH2 (Zhao et al. 2008, Khalil et al. 2009), GC-rich sequence elements in DNA (Mendenhall et al. 2010) and poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase at sites of DNA damage (Chou et al. 2010) can also recruit polycomb components, The DNA-binding proteins JARID2, AEBP2, and YY1 recruit PRC2 (Pasini et al. 2010, Li et al. 2010, reviewed in Kim and Kim 2012). The EED subunit of PRC2 can bind existing trimethylated lysine-27 on histone H3 of PRC2 which may provide a mechanism for propagation of trimethylated lysine-27 during DNA replication (Xu et al. 2010).

EPOP (also known as C17orf96) reduces association of the PRC2 complex with chromatin and enables low expression of a fraction of PRC2 target genes (Liefke and Shi 2015, Beringer et al.2016: mouse embryonic stem cells were used).

Literature References

PubMed ID	Title	Journal	Year
20937877	A chromatin localization screen reveals poly (ADP ribose)-regulated recruitment of the repressive polycomb and NuRD complexes to sites of DNA damage Chou, DM, Adamson, B, Dephoure, NE, Tan, X, Nottke, AC, Hurov, KE, Gygi, SP, Colaiácovo, MP, Elledge, SJ	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2010
21170310	GC-rich sequence elements recruit PRC2 in mammalian ES cells Mendenhall, EM, Koche, RP, Truong, T, Zhou, VW, Issac, B, Chi, AS, Ku, M, Bernstein, BE	PLoS Genet.	2010
19571010	Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression Khalil, AM, Guttman, M, Huarte, M, Garber, M, Raj, A, Rivea Morales, D, Thomas, K, Presser, A, Bernstein, BE, van Oudenaarden, A, Regev, A, Lander, ES, Rinn, JL	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2009
20123894	Jarid2 and PRC2, partners in regulating gene expression Li, G, Margueron, R, Ku, M, Chambon, P, Bernstein, BE, Reinberg, D	Genes Dev.	2010
18974356	Polycomb proteins targeted by a short repeat RNA to the mouse X chromosome Zhao, J, Sun, BK, Erwin, JA, Song, JJ, Lee, JT	Science	2008
23431328	Noncoding RNA and Polycomb recruitment Brockdorff, N	RNA	2013
20974918	Binding of different histone marks differentially regulates the activity and specificity of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) Xu, C, Bian, C, Yang, W, Galka, M, Ouyang, H, Chen, C, Qiu, W, Liu, H, Jones, AE, MacKenzie, F, Pan, P, Li, SS, Wang, H, Min, J	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2010
20075857	JARID2 regulates binding of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 to target genes in ES cells Pasini, D, Cloos, PA, Walfridsson, J, Olsson, L, Bukowski, JP, Johansen, JV, Bak, M, Tommerup, N, Rappsilber, J, Helin, K	Nature	2010