Iodide (I-) is transported from blood serum into the thyroid cell by the Na+/I- symporter (sodium/iodide). This intrinsic membrane protein uses energy from the inward movement of Na+ to drive the process and accumulate I- in the cell, maintaining a cellular concentration 30-40 times that of the serum concentration. This process, also called the iodide trap, is stimulated by TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) and is saturable by large amounts of I-.
Jhiang, SM, Mazzaferri, EL, Xing, S, Ryu, K, Furminger, TL, Liu, Q, Smanik, PA
iodide transmembrane transporter activity of SLC5A5 [plasma membrane]
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